Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) Establishment
NSG was formed in response to India's PNE (1974) in 1975 and was initially called London Club. Its aim was to manage export controls and nuclear proliferation issues that were outside the framework of NPT.
Till 1991, NSG remained a dormant grouping. At the end of the Cold War, with the disintegration of the USSR, the threat of nuclear war was replaced with the threat of nuclear proliferation, which re-energized the NSG to tackle those matters that were left out of the scope of NPT.
The decision in the NSG is taken by consensus, making memberships difficult for new member states.
At the end of the Cold War, Belarus, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan possessed weapons of the Soviet era. Both the USSR, through proactive diplomacy, and the US decided to de-arm them and made the proliferation in Iran join the NPT as NEWS. Since 1991, with the advent of Gulf War-1, and the situation of proliferation in proliferation and in North Korea, there was a growing belief that NPT is not sufficient to tackle nuclear proliferation The NSG made attempts to rectify such shortcomings of NPT.
In order to reposition NSG as a se Gas a serious grouping to tackle nuclear proliferation and not merely position as a club, NSG in 1991 stated will not use member states as a term, which will be replaced with PGs. Subsequently, in 2001. a procedural arrangement' was adopted that talked about admitting a new PG to NSG.
The procedure has five-point criteria.
- The state should have the ability to supply or produce items mentioned in the control list of NSG
- The state should adhere to the guidelines of NSG.
- The state should legally enforce the guidelines of NSG.
- The state should support global efforts to seek non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
- The state should adhere and comply with one or more obligations of the NPT.
In 2016, when India made a formal attempt to join the NSG, after resolving the concerns in the liability law, its membership was blocked by China.